This article has useful guidelines that will help students write impactful and effective research papers and earn a good grade in the process. In the article, we provide resources and steps for writing a strong research paper.

Guidelines

The following steps are useful in writing an effective and impactful research paper by starting with a prompt or assignment and end up with a well-grounded paper.

• Familiarize yourself with the assignment. This first step is obvious yet significant in understanding the requirements of your teacher. The majority of the students fail this initial step and end up with low grades.
• Select a topic. Having understood your teacher’s requirements, then go ahead and choose an appropriate topic that meets the requirements. Choose a topic you are passionate about and generates a lot of interest.
• Research. People have different strategies for researching the selected topic. However, remember to move fast and pay attention to the task since you still need to write your paper.
• Plan your research. Get a plan on how you will attack your research. Different students or teachers have different preferences.
• Formulate your thesis. Once you fully understand your assignment requirements and have selected an appropriate topic;
  Together with adequate research and a concise plan, then articulate your assertion, argument, and opinion.
• Develop an outline. Similar to the bibliography, the structure of your outline depends on the assignment. If an outline is part of the requirements, then create one.
• Write. This step is about writing your research paper. The other steps are essential in ensuring that you write an interesting, clear, and strong research paper.
• Edit the content of your paper. It is a milestone to have the initial draft of your research paper ready. However, it is not yet ready for you to submit. It is now time that you check the correctness of your content.
• Edit the grammar. Apart from editing the content, it is essential that you also edit the grammar. To complete grammar editing, many tools are available on your way.
• Re-read your paper before submitting. After editing content and grammar, the final task of proofreading is necessary. Depending on the available time, you can spend a day or an hour. Proofreading is effective with a printed copy.

Resources

1. Your teacher. Before you write the assignment, consider your teacher’s objective. Essay assignments are an opportunity for students to learn or perfect their skills.
2. Research librarians. Research librarians are an essential human resource when doing research. Apart from tons of online materials and books, University and college libraries have personnel who can help answer research questions.
3. Writing centers. Many University and college libraries do have writing centers. Staffs in writing centers are resourceful when it comes to your research paper’s actual writing since they are vast with many writing requirements.
4. Wikipedia is a useful resource for writing the introduction of a research paper. However, you should exercise caution when using Wikipedia since anyone can edit and even publish content.
5. Academic repositories. Some teachers or professors prefer that their students get their literature from peer-reviewed journals. University and college students have access to many academic databases that publish peer-reviewed papers.
6. Grammarly. It is a powerful spell checker tool. For those who use the Chrome browser, this tool comes with an extension that allows users to write easily. To make it even better, you can paste your paper content to Grammarly editor, have grammar and spelling checked, and advise spelling and grammar.

Do you want to write an essay that will make your audience to have the zeal to read your work? First and foremost, you must write an attractive introduction. To write a very attractive introduction, one needs to look for statements that capture the readers’ attention. Someone will ask, “What are hooks?” hooks are pieces of writing at the start of one’s essay. Hooks engage your readers. A hook is not usually part of sentences or just a sentence that brings the reader’s attention to reading your essay. Hooks are those statements that spark the readers’ curiosity. Do you want your readers to have the curiosity of what happens after? 

If your essay hooks make your readers have the eagerness to read your essay, then your audience will love your essay.

Paper hooks

Below are some categories of essay hooks that will attract your audience to read your essay.

• The question hook.
• Strong declaration/statement hook.
• Statistic/fact hook.
• Simile/metaphor hook.
• The description hook.
• The quotation hook.
• The story hook.

The question hook

Interesting question hooks are when one asks a question or questions related to one’s paper or essay. The question will make your readers read your work because the only way to find the answer to the questions is by going through your essay. People ask a lot of questions. When one reads or hears questions, they will want to either know or want to answer them. 

Strong declaration / statement hook

Strong declaration hooks are sentences that make assertive claims about one’s topic. The thesis statements connect to the strong declaration hook. The declaration hook shows how important your paper or essay is.

Strong declarations are great techniques because they do not matter whether your readers agree or disagree with your declaration. Your readers will want to find out how you support your declaration.

Statistic or fact hook

Statistics and facts hook your readers because they provide valid information about topics. One can impress their readers with evidence and knowledge from the start of a paper. One needs to add facts that are accurate, reliable, and interesting. Make sure that you get your information from a good source.

The simile/metaphor

Simile or metaphor hooks engage one’s audience because they make the audience think about topics differently. One’s readers will wonder what one means and how one compares topics to some things that do not connect. 

Description hooks

These are hooks where vivid descriptions of scenes draw one’s attention to reading your essay. Good descriptions hooks will entice one’s audience to need to know what happens next in one’s essay.

Quotation hooks

These are hooks where one begins an essay with quotations. Quotations can come from famous people, but they do not have to. One can get anyone’s quotes, that is, if it connects to someone’s essay topic. If you want to apply the quotation hook, you have to make sure that you quote the exact words.

The story hook

These are hooks where one begins with a brief story that connects to one’s topic.

Most readers enjoy reading stories, mostly when the storyteller writes well. A story must directly connect to the topic. A story hook can be someone’s story or personal.

Conclusion

Writing an essay hook is an excellent method to give your audience the zeal to read your essay. Choose any two categories of paper hooks. Then write hooks for each category you select.

Identifying a good topic for your research paper is the secret to successful writing. Therefore, you need to know how to develop your topic before writing your assignment. Research paper topics are developed from intense study and assessment of past studies where a writer identifies gaps that should be addressed.

In your efforts to develop a topic for your research paper, it will be important for you to pick an area of interest. Most importantly, ensure you have a wider approach to your topic before narrowing down to the specifics. That way, you will stand a good chance of making the most out of your writing.

Sample Research Paper Topics 

Research papers can be written in various disciplines. Therefore, you can draw topics from different backgrounds to help you develop your paper. Here are sample topics that you can write about:

1. Decriminalization of Medical Marijuana
2. Politics and women leadership
3. The Power of Democracy in Developing Nations
4. Technology and its impact on modern businesses
5. Adolescents and teenage pregnancies 
6. Taking care of the elderly in society 
7. Religion and the State. What roles do these two play in governments
8. Online Learning vs the conventional mainstream classes
9. The economic impact of COVID-19 in Africa
10. Rising Democracies in Africa

Developing a topic for your Research Paper

When writing a topic of your research paper, you should identify the area that you want to focus on. After that, invest time and efforts in studying and reading to find more about what has been done in that field of study. There are a lot of things to look at and in the process, you will easily get to find something to write about.

Drawing your topic from a well-informed point of view is highly recommended because it gives you a wider look into your area of interest. It gives you many options to have read extensively about something. Here is how to proceed:

• Explore your field of interest. Check all possible options for topics that you could write about 
• Make sure you highlight the significance of the subject. Why is it important to study such a field?  
• Look at various resources to help you develop your paper.  Check what others have done in the past 
• Refine your chosen idea and make it your topic. Out of the many ideas and findings from past research, you can narrow to one of them and write about it.
• Make your topic precise and specific. Avoid generalizing ideas. It should be clear to your readers. Therefore, narrow your research topic to a specific idea.

Final Advice

The best way to come up with your research paper topic is by making sure that you have thoroughly read different materials. This approach will help you pick the best of the best ideas to write on. Most importantly, it will help you write your topic without repeating what others have been able to do in the past. Make sure that your topic is unique and specific to something that is of interest in that field. 

A writer of political issues requires a good knowledge of political science, history, public relations, economics, military strategy, and psychology. A full understanding of politics is not dependent only on political science but also on a general view of society.

Writing about political issues in a country requires specificity about a particular event that has historical significance. It requires an in-depth prior study on such history. It is also essential to note that historical facts do not change over time, even though their interpretation and understanding do.

For example, a previous historical event can be distorted by recent research revealing a new understanding or viewpoint. For this reason, it is always good to be open to changes that accompany research findings based on political history.

One key thing while writing on political research is to be mindful of your audience. In this regard, we mean the population of readers that will find your work interesting. You need to ensure that you do not bore them with the jargon.

You do not want to get too detailed with an event so much that you lose your audience. So, it is better to select an aspect of your research and present it in a clear, logical approach. Doing this helps to keep your readers glued.

Here is a list of political sample topics:

1. The history of politics: the evolution thus far
2. Politics and war: did every war history spring from a political decision?
3. Overview of political science – Fundamentals and Methods
4. Political psychology
5. Cultural norms and politics
6. Politics and religion
7. Key figures and prominent personalities in politics
8. Effects of political decisions on history
9. Civil war: Causes and consequences
10. Does politics employ terrorism?
11. Social movements and its importance in politics:
12. A study on populism
13. Similarities and differences between totalitarian regimes
14. Principles and forms of divided governments
15. Electoral systems: Types and peculiarities
16. Operations of federalism, capitalism and unitary systems
17. Presidential republics and parliamentary republics: A comparative study
18. Wars and diplomacy in interstate affairs
19. The international political economy
20. Philosophy and politics
21. Nationalism and globalization: A comparative study
22. The effects and impacts of political scandals
23. The impacts of the common good on politics
24. The influence of public relations in a nation’s political issues
25. Politics and anthropology
26. Reasons for differences between exit poll results and actual elections
27. How do societal moral changes affect politics?
28. Cultural pluralism
29. The pros and cons of positivism
30. The pros and cons of constructivism
31. Open society and politics
32. Ancient and modern examples of political rulership
33. Politics and the media
34. The impacts of rational choice theory in politics
35. A study on international dependencies associated with politics

Conclusion

Research writing varies from subject to subject. Similarly, political-based research has underlying differences that have to do with geographical location and time in history. Understanding how some of these differences apply is crucial to writing a quality political research paper.

To compose a persuasive and appealing speech, you must choose a topic that will inform, persuade, and engage your audience. In this article, we discuss the mechanics of choosing the topic.

Persuasive speech

The purpose of persuasive speeches is to educate, convince, motivate, or inform the audience of an issue. The writer is trying to influence the audience to assume his or her point of view. Good persuasive speeches are daring, have clear arguments, and daring. If you are the writer, then write off an issue that you know about, and you can argue your point of view and objectively discuss counter-opinions.

Choosing a persuasive speech topic

It isn’t easy to select a persuasive speech topic since there are many choices to consider. When selecting your topic, reflect on the following aspects.

•  You are more likely to take the least time preparing persuasive speeches for the topics you know.
•  Settle on a topic that you genuinely and passionately have an interest in, since you will be doing many investigations on the subject. You will not only like the process, but you will significantly enjoy and be more comfortable. Your listeners will have an opportunity to see your enthusiasm in your presentation, and this will make your speech persuasive.
• Consider your audience’s interest: During your presentation, your audience must actively participate in them to enjoy it. Therefore, please select a topic that captures the concerns or benefits of your audience so that you can capture their attention.
•  Select a subject that will permit you to be descriptive. It will enable your audience to visualize your ideas hence persuade them to change their perspective on the issue you are writing about.
• Do not overdo: Avoid frequent or topics that have had several presentations. It will be hard to keep and maintain audience focus since they have heard or are familiar with the subject. People who have listened to a topic are not likely to listen to the same topic presentation as it does not interest them again. You can only present a topic again if you have new facts to disseminate or have a unique perspective. However, make sure you explain to your audience at the beginning so that they expect something new and exciting to persuade them.
• Emotional topics: Persuasive speeches laced with emotions are a source of motivation to the audience, and you are more likely to persuade them to adopt your point of view.
•  These persuasive speech topics have issues affecting either our country or our community. The audience finds such topics to be relatable and interesting. To identify these topics, watch the news, and pay attention to local news.
• Desired outcome: Consider what you expect the audience to do after your speech, and then use these guidelines in selecting your persuasive speech topic. If you want your audience to re-use more, consider presenting a compelling speech on the adverse effects of plastics on our environment.

Persuasive speech topics

You can identify interesting and current compelling speech topics from radio, social media, newspapers, magazines, websites, and even television. Once you identify, you can adapt the theme to fit your audience and interest.

As much, it isn’t easy to select a persuasive speech topic from a variety of available topical areas, always settle on the topic you have interest in, and be knowledgeable about and argue your point of view. To increase the persuasive power of your speech, you can lace it with emotions.

The orderliness of research work interests readers; therefore, you must ensure that the paper’s structure is correct. There is a standard structure for research papers. In this article, I explore the different sections you must have in a complete paper.

Introduction

A standard introduction should contain three main parts which are the general presentation, the purpose, and the writer’s intent statement.

• General Presentation

What is the problem to be solved? Why is the problem still unsolved? – could it be that others have nailed the issue but couldn’t get the desired result because of an error of experiment or insufficient sample sizes? What is the benefit of the study? Answers to these questions should be in this section of the introduction.

• Purpose of the Paper

Most times, researchers prefer to state the thesis statement or hypothesis in this section, which is accurate. Nevertheless, many prefer it to be written as the last sentence of the first aspect to show the reader the big picture.

• An Informative overview or writer intent

A quick peek into your goal is enough to get your reader on the same page with you before he finally dives deep into the background of the study. All information gained from reviewing the relevant literature should be in this section.

Method

The section is the most straightforward segment of the work, as it’s the replica of the designs and processes used while carrying out the research. Though, methods differ just like the methodology of the life sciences differs from that of the humanities. One common denominator, if you’re doing a survey, is the use of questionnaires.

Results

This section has to do with the findings gotten from the experiments carried out. However, results can be presented numerically or discussed broadly with fewer details. You may use different statistical presentation methods. Also, the unprocessed information will be included in the appendix for easy follow up. To communicate your results better, don’t stick to tables and grapgs only. Add useful comments that will aid comprehension.

Discussions

Your findings should be explanatory here with your interpretations to them. Ensure that your discussions are connected back to your introduction. Furthermore, your discussion should have a direct relationship with the thesis statement.

Conclusion

In brief papers, this part of the paper may be discussed in two paragraphs. However, there should be a relationship between your findings and other researches and the entire world at large.

Also, the conclusion may include recommendations which contain the flaws that made the process challenging and possible improvements.

Reference List

Any paper written without references at the end is incomplete. It’s in this section that you document the sources you used in your research paper writing. However, there are reference formats that can be used such as APA format, MLA format etc. The best format to use is the one your instructor requires of you.